Excavating dipper



April 22, 1930. B. s. FERGUSON 1,755,433

EXGAVATING' DIPPER v Filed March 2a, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 y I MToRA/n A ril 22, 1930. B. s. FERGUSON I EXCAVATING DIPPER Filed March 26, 1928 2 Shets-Sheet 2 //VVENTO/-?. 5.5. FERGUSON.

ATTOPNE Y o the points thereof Patented Apr. 22, 1930 BERLIN S. FERGUSON, OF MARION,

OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE MARION STEAM SHOVEL COMPANY, OF MARION, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO EXOAVATING DIPI'ER Application filed March 26, 1928. Serial No. 264,757.

This invention relates to excavating dippers and more particularly to the arrangement of the teeth with relation to the dipper front.

One object of the invention is to provide an excavating dipper having the teeth so arranged that they will successively engage the material to be excavated instead of simultaneously engaging said material, thereby facilitating the digging operation.

A further object of the invention is to provide a dipper having two part teeth of such a character that the forward ends of will be arranged inconverging lines but having said points of the same size and shape so that any point may be mounted on the base of the tooth.

Other objects of theinvention will appear as the device is described in detail.

In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is an elevation of the outer side of a dipper front embodying my invention, when said dipper front is in a vertical position; Fig. 2 is a similar view showing a slightly modified embodiment of the invention; Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a dipper front of Fig. 4.- showing the arrangement of the teeth thereon; Fig. 4 is an elevation of the outer side of a dipper front showing the same equipped with two-part teeth of different lengths; Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a portion of the dipper front showing the arrangement of the teeth thereon; Fig. 6 is an elevation of a dipper front showing the same equipped with twopart teeth of a slightly different character; Fi 7 is a side elevation of the dipper front of Fig. 6; and Fig. 8 is a detail view of the series of teeth shown in Fig. 6.

In these drawings I have illustrated certain embodiments of my invention and have shown the same as applied to an excavating dipper of the type commonly used in con nection with power operated shovels but it will be understood that the invention may be applied to excavating dippers of various kinds.

the dipper are so arranged that adjacent teeth will project different distances beyond a line transverse to the dipper front. Any

In carrying out my invention the teeth of q suitable arrangement of teeth may be employed but the arrangement should be such as to provide a balanced construction which will not tend to cause the dipper to twist during the digging operation,,or to divert the same from its proper line of travel. This is best accomplished by so arranging the dipper teeth that the forward or digging ends thereof will lie in converging lines, the lines preferably converging outwardly so as to impart to the tooth assembly a pointed formation.

In Figs. 1 to 3 I have shown the invention as applied to a dipper having one part teeth and, as shown in Fig. 1, the forward edge of the dipper front 1 is straight and the teeth yond the forward edge of the front, the

arrangement being such that the forward ends of the teeth lie in a line oblique to the line of movement of the dipper. In this figure I have shown only one-half ofthe dipper front but it will be understood that the arrangement of the teeth on the other half of the dipper front is the reverse of that here shown so that the forward ends of the teeth of the complete tooth assembly will lie in forwardly converging lines, the arrangement of the forward ends of the teeth corresponding to that shown in Figs. 1 and 2, if these two figures were considered as a single dipper.

In Figs. 2 and 3 the dipper front 5 has its central portion of somewhat greater length than its lateral portions so that the lateral portions of the forward edge of the front will converge forwardly. The several teeth, as shown at 6, 7 and 8, are of the same length but because of the shape of the dipper front the forward-ends of the adjacent teeth pro- 'ect one beyond the other so that here also the teeth of the complete tooth assembly have their forward ends arranged in'forwardly converging lines. With this construction any tooth may be mounted in'any one location on the dipper front and the operator is not reuired to carry more than one size of tooth in his stock of repair parts.

The teeth shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, are conventional dipper teeth but it will be understood that the teeth may take any suitable form.

In Figs. 4. to 8 I have shown the invention applied to a dipper equipped with two- )art teeth, that is, teeth each of which comprises a base rigidly secured to the dipper front and a point detachably secured to the base, so that the point may be renewed without the necessity of renewing the tooth as a whole. As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the front 9 of the dipper has a straight forward edge and the bases 10 of the several teeth project equal distances beyond the forward edge of the front. Each base has a forwardly projecting portion 11 of reduced size which extends into a recess in the rear end of one of the points, 13, 14: and 15, the points being detachably secured to the bases by suitable fastening devices, such as bolts 16. The points, in this particular arrangement, are of different lengths so that the forward ends of the several teeth project difierent distances beyond the forward edge of the front. As here shown, the outside teeth 18 are the shortest and the teeth 14 and 15 project successively greater distances beyond the front. In Fig. 4 one-half only of the dipper front is shown and, as above explained, it will be understood that the teeth on the other half of the dipper front are arranged in the reverse order to that shown in this figure, so that the central dipper teeth project the greatest dis tance beyond the front and'the outside teeth the least distance beyond the front.

In Figs. 6, 7 and 8, the front 9 is of the same character shown in Figs. 4 and 5 but the bases 17, 18 and 19 of the several teeth are of difierent lengths so that the several bases extend successively increasing distances beyond the forward edge of the front. The points 20 are of the same size and are interchangeable so that any pointmay be applied to any base and it is necessary for the operator to carry only one size of point in his stock of repair parts, whereas with the arrangement shown in Figs. 4. and 5 it will be necessary for him to carry three sizes of points in his stock of repair parts.

It will be apparent that in each of the several forms of the invention described Ihave provided a dipper with a tooth assembly of to dippers already in use. In Fig. 1 this is accomplished by providing new teeth of the proper length, while in Figs. 1 and 5 it is accomplished by providing new points of dif ferent lengths for attachment to the old bases of the teeth. The arrangement shown in Figs. 2 and 3 and 6 to 8 are more particularly adaptable to new dippers, the dipper front of Fig. 2 being of a novel shape, and the bases of the several teeth, in Figs. 6 and 8, which are seldom renewed, being of different lengths. The last mentioned forms are particularly advantageous in that they utilize teethor tooth points of a single size, thereby not only requiring the operator to carry but a single size of tooth in his stock of repair parts but facilitating the ordering of repair parts from the factory.

While I have shown and described certain embodiments of my invention I wish it to be" understood that I do not desire to be limited to the details thereof as various modifications may occur to a person skilled in the art.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is: V-

In an excavating dipper, a plurality of teeth each comprising a base secured to the forward edge of said dipper, and a point detachably secured to said'base, the points of the several teeth being of the same length and the bases of said teeth being of different lengths and so arranged that the forward ends of said points will lie in converging lines. 7

In testimony whereof, I afiiX my signature hereto. 7

- BERLIN S. FERGUSON.

such a character as to greatly facilitate the digging operation, because of the smaller amount of power necessary to force the dipper into the bank. In each instance the teeth project different distances beyond a transverse line near the forward edge of the dipper front. Where the edge of the dipper front is straight this edge constitutes the trans- Verse line but when the dipper front is of greater length at one part than at another the transverse line would be at right angles to the length of the'front. The arrangements shown in Figs. 1, tand 5, are particularly desirable where the invention is to be applied 

